Bulletin No. 79 OUTON: july 17, 1923. 
M. M. LEIGH iV" 


C | 
39,684: COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 
Gur 79 ae Ce . 


DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS AND WATERS 
R. Y. Stuart, Secretary 


TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGIC SURVEY 
G. H. Ashley, State Geologist. 


eee 


TIDIOUTE OIL POOL, WARREN COUNTY, PA, 
By 
Meredith E#. Johnson 


ntroduction. 


A preliminary report (Mimeograph Bulletin 51) on’an oil pool in 
the Queen sand near Tidioute, was issued in September, 1922, At that 
time only 12 wells had been drilled to the Queen sand and the pool 
had not been defined, Since then an intensive drilling campaign has 
not only ontilined the pool, but also has proved the absence of oil in 
paving quantities in the Queen sand for several miles in every direc- 
tion. The present report describes the Tidioute pool in detail and 
discusses the results of wild-cat drilling in the vicinity of the 
pool, Fig. 1 shows the oil pools developed in the vicinity of 
Tidioute, 


The town of Tidioute is on the banks of Allegheny River in the 
southwest corner of Warren County. It has a population of about 1200 
people, most of whom are interested in some branch of the oil industr: 
The town is about one hour's drive by automobile from Warren, the 
county seat, a city cf 14,000 people. The country around Tidicute is 
sparsely populated. This is due in part to the rugged topography. 
The river flows through a rather narrow valley between hill slopes 
too steep and rocky for farming. Most of the higher hills rise 600 
feet or more above the level of the river. The tops of the hills are 
comparatively flat and all the farming is done on the hilltops or in 
the valley bottoms, The region is well drained by Allegheny River 
and its many small tributaries. 


A branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad passes through Tidioute and 
connects with main lines both to the north and south, There is’ * 
approximately two miles of improved road within the borough limits, 
but all other roads in Tidioute and the surrounding country are dirt 


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roads. In fair weather the latter offer no obstacies to vehicular 
transportation, but after a heavy rain, roads in the valleys are 
muddy and slippery and sometimes impassible, 


The oil pool in the Queen sand at Tidioute - hereafter referred 
to as the Queen sand pool - is more or less élliptical in form, the 
long axis having 4 northeast-southwest trend. The northeast end of 
the pool is about two miles southeast of Tidioute, and the southwest 
end not quite 3% miles due south, All supplies for drilling, etc., 
are brought to the field by motor truck or heavy wagons, 


Circumstances beyond the writer's control demanded that field 
work for this report be completed in one week, Since many elevations 
had to be obtained, this necessitated the use of a barometer rather 
than some more accurate instrument, No adequate base map was avail- 
able upon which locations covld be made and the only known bench- 
marks against which the barometer could be checked were in Tidioute, 
Several miles from the oil pool, As &@ consequence the structure as 
worked out is not as reliable as the writer would desire, If the 
results given in this report do not check with later and more detailed 
heer is to be hoped that the aforementioned handicaps will be 
recalled, 


Stratigraphy. The stratigraphic section exposed near Tidioute 
extends from the lower part of the Pottsville conglomerate down to a 
horizon just below the sandstone named the Second sand by oil men 
years ago. ‘The Venango group of oil sands (including the Second sand) 
has in recent years been placed by most geologists who have made a 
study of the strata in northwestern Pennsylvania or southwestern New 
York, in the transitional beds between the Chemung and Pocono forma- 
tions. The name Catskill has been applied to these beds towards the 
east and although there is here no trace of the red color so typical 
of the Catskill elsewhere, it will‘be assumed that the lowest strata 
exposed near Tidiovte are Catskill, until detailed paleontologic 
studies either verify or disprove the assumption. 


Fig. 2 illustrates and describes the rocks exposed near Tidioute, 


Most of the wells in the Tidioute Queen sand pool start in the 
Pocono formation; some of the lower ones undoubtedly start in the 
Catskill, A few wells outside of the pool started in the Pottsville 
conglonerate.s 


Knowledge of the rocks below the Second oil sand is based upon 
the records of wells drilled for oil or gas, and upon a study of the 
rocks outcropping in nearby regions, 


The Venango group of 0i1 sands usually includes one other sand, 
the Third sand, in addition to those shown in fig. 2. Occasionally a 
Stray or the Fourth sand is recorded in drill-hole records. Below 
these ’sands there are usually one er two red beds, separated by drab 
Shale, and then about 350 feet of Chemung "pink rock," The so-called 
“pink rock" of the drillers, is really brown and purplish shale and 
constitutes the top of the Chemung formation. The lower part of the 
Chemung iS Sandier and includes all of the oil sands from the Venango 


nm Os 


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in 2022 with funding from. | 
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates — 


https://archive.org/details/tidiouteoilpoolw00john__0 


FIG. 2. SECTION OF ROCKS EXPOSED NEAR TIDIOUTE 


Formation 
& 
> vA 
% 
ad ‘ A : ; 
‘s IS+ dvige, Povtsvi lle (Ofean) conglamerate ~smali white rounded quartz pebbles and fray to 
a to F | 


eerie white Quartz graing 
SamlSanely yellow shale & 


— 2 mee} 


QO. 
S 
t3) 
rv) 
y ‘ ) 
a | Thin-bedded sandstone flaggy. 
Light yellovs to orab- colored Shalzs 
\ ‘ 
\ 
£4 Firsr ost cand of Vananga €o.- fine to mediv0y grained, crossbedded, yellow sandstene 
~ y 
at &0 Shale 
A 
ra 
v —— 
VU aa. 4s : % i 2 
O 25 PE 24) Seeond oll sand, Crosshedded, MaSSIvE Sandstrane heads, fing grain ed, Yellows WHCARCE OVS 


——Gray and brown shales 


> 


thes, 


group down to the Cooper and Bradford sands, the lowest of which nay 
be of Portage age, Well records show that these sands (the Warren 
group) are very irregular and local in their occurrence, however, and 
in some wells almost the entire group is missing, 


Only a few wells have penetrated the Portage formation, but 
these indicate that it is shalier here than is usual, 


structure. The rocks outcropping in the Tidioute region have 
in general @ monoclinal structure, dipping gently to the south. From 
dips observed in the field, however, it is believed that there are 
local rolls in the structure which possibly are reflected in the 
deeper beds. Since it is a well-known fact that the structure of a 
deeply buried sandstone may be quite different from that of the rocks 
at the surface, it was thought better to plot the structure of the’ 
Queen sand than to determine the detailed structure at the surface, 
In order to do this all available records of wells driiled near 
Tidioute were obtained and the elevations of the tops of the wells 
determined. Fig, 3 represents the structure of the top of the Queen 
Sand as drawn from the well data, 


It will be noticed that all the best wells in the Queen sand pool 
are located on @ nose in the structure which rises rapidly from the’ 
Southwest. On the other hand; if the structure as drawn is correct, 
and the sand is not too tight, it is difficult to see why wells 
drilled to the Queen sand on the tro domes indicated were dry. Such 
results cast doubt upon the efficacy of a structure map based upon 
barometric elevations. 


A convergence sheet, showing-’the interval at cvery well between 
the Third sand and the Queen sand, was constructed in the hope that 
additional lignt might be thrown on the reasons why oil accumuleted 
only in the narrow belt shown in fig. 3. This sheet, fig. 4, is 
shown on page 7. 


An indication of the northeast-southwest trend cf the line of 
deposition in the ancient sea in which the Queen sand was laid down, 
is shown along the southeast boundary of the White Oil Corporation's 
lease. ‘The long axis of the pool parallels that trend and it may 
well be that differences in the size and arrangement of material 


deposited at that time, to a large extent control the location of the 
Oil pool, 


Another point that is brought out very well is that the differ- 
ence in interval between the Third sand and the Queen sand, had 
practically no effect on the location of the yool. 


Before disposing of the subject of structure, it should be 
mentioned that there is an erosional unconformity at the base of the 
Pottsville conglomerate. It has been determined that previous to 
Pottsville time, the region was tilted from north to south. Erosion 
followed and the Pottsville conglomerate was deposited on success- 
ively younger beds from north to south. Since nearly all the wells 
in the Tidioute field start below the base of the Pottsville the 


may ke 


wet eneeet: ss “Poitier oniae, ane 
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Li PS Pets Ne Pood ei ws " ta Cn OROREE: bk ET ght BP Dent 
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FIG. 3. STRUCTURE CONTOUR MAP OF QUEEN SALUD 
IN VICINITY OF TIDIOUTE, WARREN COUNTY, PENN. 


Pa 
SBD Lebha ™m 


Sra 
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Sa, ff. so 
WES*t AzxEars ~ 

aN SP ANIC LOL 
= Ay ae --, Rrabierant talents at Nae 


; ae 
> Dry hole @ School 
3¢ Gas well & Church 
0 Off ao8 Queen sand oil pool 


ge a ai \ 
Cantours ontop of Queen sand. Contour interval (Nf. Datum is mean sea-level. 


‘ ahh vib nine ‘ 


FIG. 4. CONVDRGENCE SHEET FOR THTRD AND QUEEN SANDS. 


gt Pg aed ik iy ei ie RUT aN 
fe Se " 


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“HUNTER TRACT ne 


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CLINGE? OlL AND GAS CC. . 


ts 


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Figures denote imtervals between top of Third sand and top of Queen sand. 


Sin 


Lines connecting points of same interval shown thus / Messin 


Sn 


x 


BASE Selby dk hd she et Kabab humilis MT Nr Sey ee Toe era tet AN AR NE tlm comet aleD hahl S e 
', igh tr fy avery j 1 Lay. 
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effect of this unconformity upon drilling operations is small. Those 

operators who Start their wells at a horizon above the base of the 

Pottsville, however, must realize that they will have to drill deeper 

and deeper as the drill is moved south in order to strike the same 

ia although the wells may all start at the same stratigraphic 
orizon, 


History of development.’ Commercial quantities of oil have been 
found in four, possibly five, different sands in the vicinity of 
Tidioute, These are, in descending order, the Second, Stray or Stray 
Third, Third, Fourth and Queen sands. Oil was first found in the Third 
sand in a well drilled on Tidioute Island in the winter of 1860. 
Since that time wells have been drilled in all directions from 
Tidioute and several good-sized pools developed (see fig. 1). The 
small Second sand pool, shown at the junction of Kirchener Run with 
Tidioute Creek, was developed many years ago and is now abandoned, 
About a dozen wells were drilled, averaging about 85 feet in depth. 
The oil obtained was a very high-grade lubricating oil and commanded 
a good price, Unfortunately all the wells were small producers and 
the pool played out after a few years. 


Practically nothing could be learned about the small Fourth sand 
pool one mile west of Tidioute, At the time it was visited there wes 
no one about and none of the wells were being pumped. However, tanks 
at some of the wells and rods connecting them to a pumping station 
would indicate that some wells at least are still in operation. 
Although local operators believe this to be a Fourth sand pool and it 
has been mapped as such, it is probable that the Stray sand was here 
called the Third, and the Third sand, Fourth; so that in reality the 
oil is coming from the Third sand, 


In 1866 oi1 was discovered in the Stray sand in tells drilled 
along Dennis Run. ‘Wells near Fagundus discovered oil in the same 
sand. The oil produced was much darker than that oodtained in the 
Third sand and was called "black oil." The pools were very closely 
drilled and quickly declined in production. At the time the wells 
were drilled, the oil was thought to be coming from the Third sand, 
Fortunately this was not the case and when in 1869 a well owner in’ 
cleaning out his well drilled deeper, he found green oil in 4 sand, 
the Third, a short distance below the Stray. This led to a new drill- 
ing campaign and the whole field was worked over again. Many of the 
Third sand wells are still being pumped at the present time. 


South of Tidioute local operators are still obtaining oil from 
some of the old wells drilled on the Economy tract. The Third sand 
pool here in part overlaps the new Queen sand pool. 


Little is known of the two small Third sand pools shown to the 
north and northwest of Tidioute. The one to the northwest is now 


abandoned. Oil in small quantities is still being pumped from wells 
in the other, 


One other small pool in the Third sand was developed some years 
ago just south of present operations in the Queen sand pool. The 


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wells were all small and never caused any excitement». Most of them 
are Still being pumped. 


Near the junction of Queen Creek with Bast Hickory Creek a fair 
sized gas pool was developed a number of years ago in the Queen sand, 
The sand is nearly 100 feet thick there and the wells proved to have 
good staying qualities, About the same time a small oil pool was 
discovered in the Queen sand just north of the gas belt. The wells 
came in with initial flows of 2,000 bbls. or more, but quickly 
dropped off, and in a short time the production was so small that 
all wells were abandoned, 


Present development - Queen sand pool, The discovery well in 
this pool was drilled into the sand and commenced flowing April 20, 
1922. The initial flow was only 20 bbls., but deepening increased 
the flow to 120 bbls. in 24 hrs. The latter production was sufficient 
to attract other operators to the field and development has proceeded 
rapidly from that time until recently, In May, 1923 the pool was 
outlined by dry holes and light producers in almost every direction, 
Particularly is this so to the northeast and southwest, The Noe 8 
well of F, C. Proper et al. on the Hoffman tract sounded the death 
knell to hopes that the pool would extend southwest into Forest 
County; whereas the Kapp and Brocklehurst well on the property 
formerly owned by Merkle and located about two miles southeast of 
Tidioute definitely defined the northeast end of the pool, In all 
about 235 wells have been put dow in the vicinity of Tidioute in the 
attempt to find a commercial supply of oil in the Queen sand. Of 
this number some 180 have obtained oil in sufficient quantities to 
make it worth while to connect the wells with a pipe-line. 


In previous reports a small amount of data was given concerning 
the depths to the various sands, their thicknesses, etc, The follow- 
ing records are given to supplement that data: 


(1) Dry hole on Clifton farm, Deerfield twp., 14 mi. NNW of 
Tidioute. Drilled by McGovern & Allen and completed in winter 


of i922, 
Blevation at well mouth (barometric) - - = 1285 
oy Br 0 ES Eg bo a aT a an aR I B25 a 
Queen sand (salt water) - ----+--*+7-+-+-+-° 1085-1086 


(2) Wo. 8 well on Hoffman lease, F, C. Proper owner, located at 
SW end of pool on west side of river, about 3 miles S. of 
Tidioute, Drilled in April, 1923. Dry hole. 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) - - - 1458 


Casing -"- ----7+-+-++-+-+e777 77 7 7 7 tooo 
No Pirst, Second or Third sand 
Queen sand - - - = -- = -+-- 5 = es es =e =e = 4305-1314 


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BB coo WORD 2 ae 
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BOE TES AO a eri eon pliant! i RARE | Mahe ea eee enn 4 
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a ‘ Sit hay eye Far! ' * Nake ray hig 
| Be t @ y a) « sh oe ” ay 5 m { 3) tte bey) : ‘- ih Bi uy wl - 
j Fa ante ht 
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\ ! : ; ( rel 
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j ¢ pay 
f oj 7 : M yt 9 ; Se es tore f etd | acta ele One et Ai Re dee 1 i 
hay i f ’ hi ae! . “3 f 5 ary fit M ‘ ) | iG h sp my 
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ae ! 
ee eid 


Nei 


(3) No, 1 well on Davidson lease, Bencdum-Trees owner, located in 
Si¥ corner of warrant 5204, Limestone twp., and about 3 miles Si 
of Tidioute. Drilled in 1922, Dry hole, 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) - - 1700 


GN ee me to 19 
Casing - - -- <= -+--+ = 2-5 +2-+755+-- i" BO 
Pivsp eara =e a ee 458-526 
Second sand - -~-----+-+-7+7+-+--+-+2-- 516-544 
Shell - -- = -- ss - = es =e we ew ee 555- 
pI SG aaa epee a a on me eee 702-707 
Pink rock - ----+-+-+7+-+7--+"-4-0 828-1202 
Chemung sand - ~ -~-~~-=-+-=-+-+-+-+- 5 1202-1215 
First Warren sand ~ - - - =~ - - - - = = = 1260-1545 
Pebble shell (Queen sand) - - ----- - 14.60- 


(4) United Natural Gas Co, well #3095 on Wheeler & Co. property, 
warrant 5209, Hickory twp., Forest Co.; about 59 mi, SE of 
Tidioute, Completed in July, 1918, 


Elevation at well mouth - - - - +--+ = 1421,52 
Conductor - =~ «= «8 =u em ew mw mw te BO 
Casing AM RRB TE on aia RI a gh Ae OO "0 ZL 
Slate and shells - - -= == «= © sm w= mw ow 30-246 
White sand (fresh water) ---7--+-+-+--- 246-300 
Red rook = = ~ =< s+ 25 wee we we ee ee 300-325 
Second Sand - - ~-«----+-++e+-+--+e- 5 325-532 
Slate --+-----+--++-+-+--5-++-+---- 332-365 
Stray sand - -----7+--+-++-+-+-+-- 365-370 
OE al ga Sai og a SOU SHY OSE ae a ae a ne 370-462 
Third sand (salt water) -------+-- 462-469 
Red rock - -----*+ +--+ = 354-255 - 469-487 
LS BRS UAE ERAN OS re a an ee ee -~ = 487-507 
nen LUC = eee ee ee Re 507 ~547 
PLETE ee he ee Po) cea A SY CRU Ee 547-618 
Pink rock =~ == - ~-- = =-=5==--* =": 618-950 
SLaGe = wm we ee ee eee em 950-1047 
Gray sand - ~ ---+-+7+-+-+++-+-+-+-+-+-- 1047-1072 
Slate and shells - ---+--=-+-+-e2e8e--5 1072-1192 
Queen sand Gags ------ eo -e-e - = 1192-1281 
2 ee eee as ee San om ON _— -— = = 1281-1314 
Total depth - - ---+-- --+-+-+-+-- 1314 


(5) . Hague Oil Co, well No. 1 on Bayon proverty, Limestone twp., 
14 mi. S of Tidioute. Completed in 1922. Dry hole, 


Blevation at well mouth (barometric) - - 1130 


Third San@ --- - = = -<«-+-+-+--*+-+-+s5 +86 152- 
Queen shells - - - «= --= = =--+-++-+-+4s- = 900- 
Queen pay sand - - - = -=-=-+-+-+54-++--5 920- 
Sand - ~--2+ = +--+ - 5-5 5-5 -+---+-+-+-- 1033-1035 


acat 


rh hat f 


te Lar 


a 


Ci. 
al mn 
rb aS 


te Whee a SES } 


at 


nat 
nt yt 
ree 
4 Po 


yt 


ROS Be, +8! 80 
Lane caer) Ls iu ol shi of 


Hooke thaw ,o0 640 taeda 
Ps ne eee on 
i eS iat bik hav ee 


4 


an 
— 


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oe at pk toe. a 


1 
4 = 
’ 


. i” 
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et | il a Bete OSH a4 


ard ‘groans 


o a0 hor iter: Te pac i 


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ee hie thn OB eI 

Pee ee ae nN Be oor 


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ee ae “ehd ost par base nh 
caeeae net  hetew aoou® 
is wel wie ci ai ame a a” me eem 
koa) S ere. SRG i) 


¥ 


dois ope 


00 ck i y de potatoe ; 
heel en o gueny 


ane i» van 
Ce 


(6) Charles Carnahan's No. 3 well (discovery well) on Mrs. Clara 
Siegins property, Limestone twp., 24 mi. S. of Tidioute. 
Completed April 20, 1922. 


Rlevation at well mouth = - = - --- = 1190 

Third sand + - - ---—5= -=+=-+-s2+-+e+-e+- 221 = 229 
Fourth sand, show of oil - ----+-+ e+e - 265 - 279 
Queen pay sand Oil--+-+---+-- ~- - - 990 -1002 


(7) Clinger 011 & Gas Co's. #3 well on Cartney property, + mile 
NE of discovery well, Completed in spring of 1923, Small 
oil well. 


Blevation at well mouth (barometric) + - 1250 


Conductor - - - = += © 32 © ee ee mee ewe to 12 
Oasing - 6g" ----+-+--++----7 2-57 " R11 
Queen sand (3! white ‘sand 

(5° slate O41 «3 = os 1064-1075 


(3% white sand 


(8) Clinger 011 & Gas Co's, #2 Hunter, 2 3/4 mi. SSu of Tidioute, 
well completed in July, 1922. Initial production - 700 bbls. 


Elevation at well mouth - ~ - - - = = + 1293 
Conductor - «+ -« = 5+ © s+ ss een een to 65 
Casing = 8" -~ « + = - ily 2 a ae, Tae ea OL n 185 
Dy eS Se ee ee ae ee " 406 
Third sand -~ --« + <= © www wn meen S29 =» BAD 
Pink rock - =~ ~-+ + +5 -*«# 2==--+--+- 515 = 850 
Stray sand «-«-«-. + +--+ 22+ 222+ =e 8538 - 865 
i: TED Tans ae hat Pe kg Sen! ae aes ao i 1000 -1020 
Queen sand (Pay sand 11054-11143) - - - 1050 -11394 
Total depth - - - - <- - - ~ 11394 


(9) White O11 Corp, well #25 on Irvine property, Dale Run; Lime- 
stone twp, Complicted July 6, 1922. Initial production, 30 


bbls. 

Elevation at well mouth - - ----- = L175 

Second sand - - -=----++#-e+-*+-+--++-- te 

DRIP SANG 8 ei ee ie ee 201 - 214 

Fourth sand - - ----=+=-+-+s4-+-4+%47 55 254 - 256 

Pape TOO we wae SO ee 260 - 730 

Warren sand - - ~-=+=-+--+-+-++2-+-54++-+-6 790 = 810 

Queen sand - -- = - ++ =-+-+-+-8- 942 -1031 
Pay sand + --=-+----+-+"*+-+-+--- 083 - 991 


“i net . w i i 


ste Ebon eh at "at 


ty Os #3 c Pr if ‘aes "4 mit Ha Ny | y ‘a We +P) ae ao 
CESS Se yr ie EN nt ‘iaciee ie " aad | ne 
an 4s a | 
M tee e. 
eee Ports Ae aad Vw wrod 
a tng El ta 
os . re 
om vt 4) \e ne Ae » oh - roe 
ei pes th he eee in. ey WE \ na i fi i hf il 
RANGE EEE POs weet oy aoe pee. Beno 
se 1 eat \ aod 
4 ee A CR see ER Pape bap 8 Oui nt. ¥ ded 
7 ra e, mit \ iby an w al ant 7" , ‘Pr et MY 3 “te y 7 Y 
’ ‘ G ft o- si. a ” Sy we nal vhs » = ae Ys cdl “~ pn Led y Oi ‘ } 
ehh " } all AW ie * rd n ” an ws om ” ei ee al “a nal ait 
b t Pas " “ oat « * we ~ afi " ~ = le oa mn bs ” 
ov a a ae an ae “~ + be sed "= eat ™ 4 iter ey 
~~ Wwe ie a) hd ie. Ol +e WOR Ne ~ Nore 
ae ie bt a MAE iP Re SIRE 2 ARI OME Im sl Oargas . 
we af ioe me ves ern ” ae woe 4 - , * 
| Baw cbpee t whOOEE Kieu KANG) | See 
‘ vied La Ne TN re 
sa iad ade a Pri a He “od Larok . mn 
‘ By ve te PS 
f - p ; Ab 
| es ae LAM, ath Ol ena i wf wey AVG nes xtew ei 
; f) ate oy We aie wu i ie ah bom whi 
; f Ps a aM ean é ait 
% a ea el RS al teow ty 
Ay » pene my , ‘ | dee} ae 
Nae f wy Aunt FANG i o/s ae ~—" ay & > yeply * ue Ve} ail Faihie Pa it we Hays 
| DY a ae Pi) ¢ ie aia ee an a hae ie remem Wie 
re, vy fa va Fa t y } : a The 
. OT RON RR ARR SIRE Ie FR jm 
Se ae ae ECR Ge ae 
Cae a Ovy ~~ ao ~ ” Sad or! ee ee ek Bh ll 
; HOLY SRR mm CA Ramee nd 
tee ‘ Bae dd laa oP ae an ee eee ha ae a 


(10) White Oi1 Corp. well #39 on Irvine property, # mile NE of 
well #25. Completed January 4, 1923, Initial production 32 


(11) 


(12) 
23 


bbls. 


Blevation at well mouth - - - - - - - ? 
Yellow mud <~« - - --+---7- --+-+-+e- 5 ~ 
Sand and crevices - ~- +--+ --+-+--° 14 
Slate - = -=-7---+ -~- 7. -=*+ 7 - ee 2 
Shells ---+-+-e+7-7-277 72-7 = = 55 
Slate - --=--e%%7-7- —_ == ee 75 
Hare sand - =-- ---= == - -- --- 100 
Slate -- - - +--+ 7+ +--+ - =e = = 125 
Sand - - = - s+ *= +--+ 58s = =e = ee 250 
Slate --—-=— = = -= = wee wen enn 274 
Second sand ---=--+=-+-*-+--+-- 255 
Slate --- =~-+-5- = +--+ 47--- 560 
Halt sand + eee we ee ee 390 
OES ee ae neared dca tee aa eae a 404 
Third sand (Third Stray) ------ 485 
Slate -----+-- == == = = = & 4.98 
Fourth sand (Third) ----+--+-+--- 525 
Slate -=- 2 -+- == 2 == fia lids pa) a i 545 
Pink rock --+-*+-++-7+s- ee eee 650 
Hard gand - -( = = + wine me em ee 1005 
Slate ---*+ <6 ees e=— eee enn eo 1020 
Hard sand - -~ - = = =e = +e an = = = 1115 
Slate -=-*#-j| --=- = +--+ 2+ + --- 1145 
Queen sand (pay) - - - ------ -~ - 1258 


Total depth - - - 


ffi a Sh a Si eee ie 


1266 


as es KS | 
fH 
~w 
OC 
O1 


Clinger Oil & Gas Co. well #1 on Cracky-<White property, 2 
SE of Tidioute. Completed 10-24-22, Initial production, 
5,250,000 cubic feet of gas. 


Wis 


Elevation at well mouth - - = - - - - 1528 
Conductor -~ +=. --+--5- = + 28+ = - = = = oO - 20 
‘Second sand - - - - + -+=<=#- = «+ = = = 3560 = 862 
Sand = = = «~aw em ewe mee eee oe 370 = 450 
Pink rock - ~- = |= - +585 -s-«=-=- <= 705 «1025 
Queen pay Sand - ------+--- += 1295 =—- 1300 
Brocklehurst & Kanp well on own property (formerly Merkle), 
3/4 mis E SE of Tidioute. Completed May 10, 1923, Dry hole. 
Elevation at well mouth (barometric) - 1720 
Third sand (shells only) - - - ---- = - - 7024 
Queen sand (pay streak) - ---+--+---+- 1468-1471 
Total depth - - --+----- 1492 


“piety. rel 


whe q ary "~~ is “ ar’ es AeA ere, tae he ie! rh ¥ 5 io 
uF - : “uy, a =~ 
“his ’ 7 \ The Sah if : 7 L> 
os ve ; . 5 q De a Ge fH te “ Ue 
ad mA aA 1 a ” “ieee, ie i ihwae } SLES i et?’ en 
f 4 ; , Re H i 
j | thw ¥ be pa a " " ‘ we ; ane ni y} Wl * * 1 es oe oD i ts ie 8 
7 Fi wa ve an ‘ ’ : 7 } r , Uo 
CSE ag set es ae Sk ait a RE AES kee eh a 
aya emt aA ’ . iN " ‘Meath 
al i ‘ ‘ Tee ae le eT aet | % de: , 
rf : ‘ F ee ; dk: ‘ 7 , ~ + a wn oo ~~ “« “ he -~ aad ward big? ) (& 
f , nl a | ‘ Fig’ n LaF: 7 ees) a 
RUDE Nor Eat 5 | ee Me ee aaa By 
p. 4 ait 4 
af , C ark at y \ . “ vv wh je re “ * ~, ‘ : 4 
ay i me pote 
z a (zs ay - oa ~ me ae ” h, \y x ti fi : ati Leu 
en hem " ; 
eat yb 4 hile . a 
i 
r, 
> ~, 7" fn 
ts { as ap ~ ; 4 on rahe pee ua | Ge 
‘ ! 
: f : : y , ‘ ‘ Le be 
j ‘ie \ ’ 7 hd 4 4 1 Ral in do we 
’ j 
+ by 4 : | 
os Teri | The sl ui Me be Wi 18% 


The Ge eae Rm Fi SMe Pm ‘MOLT 4 ey ae 
a 6 en a on oA cla Fike han tN tee AN eee ve A nde wet es ome 
‘7 yee ee a lla . : hes 1) Lak a ‘a6 ae j fie 7 The le ay, ce i. waren: 


a) 
o> r , \y 
aes V¢ pi do Ab - " e = rt on Was me ~~ - ~ bad 
: ; 7 
uN 
1 “e og SA * ay 4 wv 1. ’ ba 
‘ re 
: on ro we aly fe a a ad - 
16 it eae : . . 


j 
Piatt - % 4 Wi y / 
thay ' j t } ie) Soe TS ae ig 
; 
P; oh ¢ o 4 ‘ ae i 
‘if. ¥ ‘ ‘ i, EI 
1 oe . . Ve ale av ¥ y By ; 
, 


BUPA N 1s | . a eee Ae ei pwr ee 
Bieun de ; Ya ABE NUE DANE NICE Loam: bo igrbaagh Ade 
A on ; od ey ‘ rth $ , ae. E 
a i vie % . - ° -~ om o a) = ** Lf ais Fi i vil fai 
bee DS «adit. <ul ae we ae ew ie 


ROA tie au, | va al hilo oh ie see 


ma 


(13) Benner well, also knowm as Dunham, near McKean school, at 


fork of roads 2 miles EB SE of Tidioute. 


6, 1922. Dry hole. 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) - - 1660 


Completed September 


Conductor =~ -~--5 5 = —28 = -=--+-+--+-+++-- to 14 
Casing = =~ --=-- + =# +--+. +-+-+-+e+- to 430 
Sandstone = ---+---*+-+-++4-+-+-+-+-s: 375 = 390 
second sand - --+ -=- + +--+ ++ +--+ - 410 - 421 
Third sand, show of oil ~~ - + - --+--- 509 ~ 522 
Pink rock = = = *#= = -+ -=2+ =-+ 25 s+ = + ~ 795 +1167 
Chemung sand - = «---+-7++-+*7-+7 5 1167 -1177 
Sandstone = - -- = - = += ++ = =-+=+-s5 1347 -1367 
Queen sand (white) ---+----+-+-+--s- 1412 


Total depth <- - - = 1532 


. (14) DT. &. Norton well #1 on Grellhart property, Deerfield twp., 
near ifagee Station. Completed in August, 1922. Dry hole 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) ~ = 1227 


Stray sand - « --- += s+ 5 +++ -=5 == 135 - 
Third sand - - - - - - BINA Se RP se sab so Sethe ten 218 - 
PAnk SOG (wi 6 ee Wt wl we a ee pe 
Queen shells - ~ = = - » = += a ee Oe - 
4 tight sand ----+++#-<-«-+-++-++-+-- 985 - 
. Clover seed sand - - - +. -+---.--+ 5 993 - 
r bottom of formation - - ~----- -1 
Sandstone - - +26 5-5-5] =e --+2-+-+5 1068 <1 
Shell -_ 2s ellSlUOSll elle el Sete 1096 ~ 
Sandstone - - ~-- -+ ss 388 == -+-+-2 +6 THIS At 
Total depth ~ -~ - - - =-- 1160 


(15) Charles E, Carnahan well on Hunter and Anderson tract, 
watson twp., along the river 5 miles NE of Tidioute. 
Comnpleted'in Feb. 1923. Dry hole. 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) ~ -1150 


Third sand ) - =~ «122 - 
Queen sand ) Sands very poor - - ~ -890 - 
Sand ) and broken ~ = » 1840 - 
Sana ) ~ - = £150 - 
Total depth - - = - = = 2940 


(16) Youngsville deep well, drilled by Star Oil Co., Broken 


twpe 


Completed in fall of 1922. Dry hole, 


Elevation at well mouth (barometric) - -1208 


Drive pipe = - + «©. +--+ ++ 2s. -=-+--+- to 63 
Casing - 5 5/8" -«--+-+-+--+--+-+-- " 420 
Pink rock - =~ -=-+=-=#* -~-+ =. s. ~ -~ - = 80- 410 


145 
219 
740 


Straw 


f Deere” 
mies if i 


out + ane een ee 
1h eRe bm es 

Se ae “i Ce Fo a ies a Re Sa a> 
le 


VoETe BOM A eee ee 
ng Rea | Ae Ce a a a RG Sl ln BO ala By pisses 
Forse PRE Lo: a Oe Sn a Oe ae Sl ' es y = | ty oe) a ~ “oats y 2 
Pe SY eam oR cleterd fi hy eye 1s Cox rete) avai ‘Ook 
7 Pa - Mg ‘ay | f. anes hy 
WE OR TROT | aoa Sout PU Oaie so Me keew avonolt | 
pee We: yw sh TORR ie shins rane tiontade suk 


TUBE. * bouseateaand y oy owt Stow 4 ; Pariah 
4 be j 4 ’ } 4 i ) er had ‘ » ot ay fk sv I i BP ae ” , al ‘pare. ‘on wy r i , } 
i? F i a ta Al i ; ~~ : ip rh “ aa” Wile nite. Cait TM ot aie ~~ ne Nw paoe’ & brie ; A, Y AY 


ae hy Se ue - . 
eS RT eM ray Sa a tlh as he aniors ': Hit 
SPN gle ak ing Ge Na Wm NF i a gl acta Oe: 
Te. ede Rad adic hine pe! Anon diya 

ute cae ae sats ane ale PS ae ae apub 4o00L2° & 


} SOE. Tae cae ene Sa Gee Se ES ns ee Ne aon 
| POR Ur ee enotenea se 


¥ f f ; ; a a 
y ee ‘he BS Aa {" oe r bet C bal 
A ATA Le? : | haiti a es 
tae if . r, ; ¢ ‘“ 
baad hat OO “i oe ony very we os yer neni we we yeh wy al sl ih cal ad "til ‘bh f oni 
in ¢ . * ri 
sity rags Dae al 1 ' Per Alan aa ; : ; 
rb WN r. { etter Li ~ om mts e PO ae a ev ' nT | Fe it 
~ . fis apa ts rey i 
Mohn i ' > al i tk tee sf P ap 
4 if e i i “a awe ways oe wu “n ex og fy at Gh Ay a " A oi , 4 


SORE tiiats of xs rare niosteeaita cum ie na teiory wt aot 
; ; yi ‘ 7 DH vin Wy. h i x X i es euk f i € is ; im ie bh i why : gett. é I ib 
; | sath LEI J ae emit Dlstos ven 


- 


= 
Pi acy 
neon se 


Ne Ose C geeirone had F sidsronr How a conterett 


wer Wi of bl” a bh . Ry (hares Fy ahd ‘i “pipes: bh 

QRS mmm Lis vane ‘eran abicnd a iosaeey ee 

Pasi OL ga NS Mae ye i Ms { ‘ ; aloe Satie, 4 i a ey eo } 
a OGL ab WAL Ae { VE ye ae a) | iy wy: ana A 


4 See i rere ‘Mella ‘Cee ae etsy dae thd 
th We 5 - i a me PN RE Mal iS J b Lone bay ea cn 


7) J 4 ry . d oe J one » 


WARE: netor! ite EO andy ‘beth anb ig hk 
| ; 90d Yast Dy meen: 9 im 


Stray sand 
White sand (Queen) 
sand 
sand 


Sand ~ 1 = = w= aw www ww ow 


ee ee ee er ee) 


Shale 
Shells (hard) 
Shale 
Pink shale 
Gray shale 
Sand 

Shale 
Pink shale 

Black slate 
Pink shale 


a Se eT ws: Te oe Ue Cem la Ce Se, elle le 


—_— ee eee 
a el 
i 
—_— eee eee 
LE a a a 
-— = oe em ee i 

- = SO eOleerlellOlDellleleelUSllO lll 
—~ mmm ee 

Ce ee a | 


-—-— = & ee ell ml ele le 


=a lel Ol ll Olle SST el ll 


Shell 
Black slate 
pand ~ 
Black slate 
Hard lime shell 
Biack slate 
Hard lime shell 
Bleck slate - = 
Hard shell 
Black slate 
Lime 


— me mmm mmm meme 
| 
Se ee 
ee ee 
Co | 
a ee] 
_—_— = Se FO eee 
— =e we mee 
i 
a ed 


=U ll Selle ltl lee 


Some sas at 3463, 
Break (shale) 
Stray sand 
Lime shells 
Black slate 
Shell - - -« 
Stray sand (Oriskany?) 
Lime 
Shale 
Lime 
Shale 
Sat 
Break 
Cave 
Shale 
Cave 
“Bheale- - - - -- ----+-+--s5s5 
Hard lime shell 
Shale 
Hard shell - - - ---+--j|--+- 
Red shale 
Gréen shale 
Black shale 


_— oO tee 


Ca en ee ee ef 


| 


-_- =_ SU Uhl 


oe a 


_-——lUCcrClUlmOlU Slee ee i OS 


Lee an el 


-—=_ ll cocerlmlmllelClC Oller cl rel Ul Ol 


| | 


nD 


in ee 


_—_— —  meeeee 


co Ke | 


_— ee 


a ee a ee ee ee ee ed 


Se ee en 


663 

669 

835 
1035 
1100 
15590 
1490 
1690 
L650 
1976 
1990 
2060 
2080 
e270 


3520 
3560 
o651 
5653 
3700 
3780 
3800 
3880 
3885 
3910 
3940 
5945 
3980 
3990 
4020 


- 679 
~ 850 
-1050 
-1350 
-1400 
- 1600 
-~1650 
-1975 
-1990 
-2060 
-~2080 
-2270 
-2300 
~2260 
-2380 
-~241.0 
-2420 
-~2440 
-2490 
~2495 
~2530 
-2540 
-3088 
-3100 
-3215 
=3235 
~3350 
-~3352 

S585 
- 3507 


~ 3510 
~3520 
-3560 
-~3651 
-3653 
-~3700 
-3780 
- 3800 
-~3880 
- 3885 
-~ 3910 
= 3940 
~3945 
~3980 
-3990 
-4020 
-4025 
-4060 
-4065 
~4140 
-4148 
-4155 


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Hard lime shell - - - ---+--- 4155 - 4170 


Black and green siate - - --- = 4170 - 4185 
Shell - - ----+-+--+-+-+e-- ~ 4185 - 4190 
Green slate - ---+--+-+-+-+-- 4190 - 4195 
Stray send - ----+-+-#+ -+--> 4195 ~ 4205 
Black slate - -~-=---- -~ - - ~ 4205 - 4210 
Stray sand - ---+-7-+-+-e+e 4210 - 4220 
Shell - - - - - = --+-+--+-+-e- 4220 - 4230 
Lime ~ *- == --+---<-+-+-+--68 4230 - 4375 
Sand (black water at 4380) - - - 4375 - 4400 
Lime - ----=--- ---+-+--- 4400 ~ 4435 
Clinton sand (pink) - - - - - - - 4435 =- 4455 
Break - - -- == -----+-- - 4455 - 4467 
Green and black shale - ~ - = = ~ 44.67 ~ 4517 
Lime shell - - --+-+-+-+-8-+-- 4517 - 4522 
Green shale - - - - < ~ = =— ~ = =~ 4522 = 4557 
Top of red sandstone (Medina) - - 4537 ~- 

Red and gray Vee ee ee ee 4537 ~ 4745 
Break ~ += =---+--+ « ~ -—- ~ - = 4745 =~ 4782 
Stray sand, red -----+-+- = ~ 4810 ~ 5025 


Total depth - ~ - 5035 


Cost of drilling, fhe cost of drilling wells to the Queen sand 
in the Tidioute region averages about $1600, That figure covers only 
the cost of drilling the hole and does at include the cost of ga 
tubing, pumping equipment, etc. 


Usually wells are driiled under & contract stating that the con= 
tractor shall receive a fixed sum per foot for each foot of hole 
drilled down to the top of the "pay sand." This places a bonus upon 
speed in drilling down to that point, The contract also provides 
that the well be drilled in and necessary connections made at a fixed 
sum (usually $50.00) per day. This part of the contract removes the 
incentive for speed and hence this delicate part in the drilling of a 
well receives careful attantion instead of being rushed through to 
completion. Were it not for the second clause the contractor would 
baeipeacoed during the several days necessary for properly completing 
a well. 


The following is a fairly representative cost statement of a well 
drilled in the Tidioute fiela: 


ho2a £t.°6 in. @ 81.00 per ft, = $1523.50 
Pratl ie fF 2 da y @ $50 ,00 = 50,00 
Moving boiler a day @ 350, 00 = 50,00 
Drilling ee ei = 50.00 
pocket below sand @ $50.00 = 50,00 
Coripleting well connect tions, ete, 
& $50.00 = 50.00 
Total ~ $1573.50 


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The contractor is furnished with both fuel and water by the ovmer of 
the lease, The total cost ofa finished well, including all expenses 
for drilling, casing, hauling, pumping equipment, etc., is approxi- 
mately $4000.00, 


Production, The peak production of the Queen sand pool was 
reached Sometime in the fall of 1922 and probably did not exceed 1500 
bbls. a day. By February 1, 1923, it had dropped off to 1040 bbls. 4 
day, and by May 1, 1923 it was down to 700 bbls. a day. The recent 
drop in production is dave in part to a partial cessation of drilling. 
Nearly all property offset wells inside the limits of the pool have 
now been drilled and future drilling, being inside drilling, will 
noturally be at a much slower rate. The drop in the price of crude 
oil has also contributed to the curtailment of drilling operations, 


The following data illustrate more concretely this rapid drop 
in production: 


On one small tract, 5 wells which had a conbined initial pro- 
duetion of 1265 bblis., were producing on May lst only 15 bbls. a day. 
On another lease, a large one, the average production per well on May 
ist was only 4 bbls, The foliowing is the record of the average 
daily production of one well situated near the center »f the pool: 


August & September, 1922 = 44. £xdbbis. 
October u" a) BO. i" 
November i a " 
December es 9. a 
January 1923 = 7.0 . 
February NR 4,0 ss 


Total production Aug. 9, 1922 to Jan. 1, 1923 496.28 bbls. 


Although many of the wells in the Queen sand pool are now being 
pumped, most of them still flow naturally. The natural gas, which 
causes the oil to flow and which formerly issued’‘from some of the-oil 
wells in considerable volume (7 20C,000 cu, ft.), is now (Mey lst, 
1923) approaching exhaustion and it is expected that most of the wells 
now flowing naturally will be pumping within a few months. 


At the present time the production of most (if not all) of the 
wells in the pool is handled by the National Transit Pine Line Co. 
and sold to the Tidioute refinery. Compression plants have been 
installed on some of the larger leases, and gas from the oil wells on 
those leases is run through the plants and the gasoline extracted. 
The residual or dry gas is sold to the Tidioute refinery. MTcsts have 
shown that the wet gas contains from 1¢ to 2 gallons of gasoline per 
1,000 cuhic feet of gas, but at the present time not more than l 
gallon per 1,000 cubic feet is being obtained. 


vi ROR 

ere 
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etre! Dv oth iy aa 0 OR AE Ne paw tae ae: 
BRA MPa NS Di kah weewe OF ANLLE LY ‘greknitae s B rah ‘ 
Gee OMNES a ‘ 7 puch ee Mi any dug it AR ray he Ys A a wat i *y t bo pba he Wh ie “ee i 
BHO LEAN GOK RENH H Salih ot ot pavements nod 63 
Y “s cet ( ; 
é) He PO a ha Fs re nei pak anor! ry eer eh i ayy’ " i a partite ran he Wi if al sit Pi ty Liga 
iN | fh rt GO. 
wiks"s: beat heed Sag OARS ann pea ORME i taet: ree ‘a oie: ‘| ‘one 
EB Re CU Om pear a mo mai eh tg oor | cee Hoss ol 
RS BeOe La Moai OEE ORS ANE SS Ra: ayy ed ad pA De ee 
4! " ENS A a? es YOR A i Ry: je ‘eee i Sul tad se wlan & 
pa A Lamm ey DR RY gC A AR a EO ee eaoey! to moe iy ¥ wah bo 
p RAE wi A ah ARE OS is NG ae bet: ae ae en 
i aa peed OA re 
| AO a COU OR os eae 
| ti ‘ ihe * ‘ Merle eS LS RL mai Mt iv 
f des RL, raise cast 1a 
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alee HRs MES CC RM ME So Ce A 50 SR AEN, SR, 897 nolyoumong 
ee aed ca th i9 Toba hed cate eee eer eC aah eate LO te 
GLa ae nes areas el! Nin Is Ne ee olan ene Oe tag oes othe ne Foon 
£4 LD DT) ARNE RNG a seis iid ENE eR BRS Nar iat i i ont 
Mee UR LB it RO ARO 8, A i ‘) Bi Lame ami Mesa tf Wiad: eh 
} ‘flow eld to Hera ae. bet ood OL Gn Bele Mt ON hee, re te ae 
cialis hike Mi ad AOE RL hs ona 2 i fi Leaver onEwoLs 
he eer ye 4 MMPs. MEA Wey, 1G) A)? ye i ataee itty mer 
Fie: mane 3 iia i ita ow bay MOL PO Cane: Oke Tie okey aed 
pO) ote eal A balinamodttt  Kduecs iba oti sy uh Seek a wr fiow oriae' 2 
iis le wo kae Samay prouitor otuok hat BAT. oe $ 
6 SLi 1) AS cP oon Oa Re eee ee Hd ty pctom fe B 
 heeasiat Ve fh Cea Pe a A ae hy 1h) th sue deus wey * az BoB 
weet ith ne pach Abed BT: xt aes: ation es ee. enh CO Lae 
to" rit ven mild tre Lasik ey Hel fk: i ROAD hehe tee BeeK at te? nae Bg 
Echo eoG: ditty, oink a Wh pr geag ice il hal eg CRD ti goes | 
4, i 


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The potential supply of gas (reported to be 20,000,000 cubic 
feet daily) from wells drilled on the castern edge of the pool, has 
only been utilized to a small extent as yet. Some six or seven 
wells have been drilled and the reported average rock pressure is 
about 500 lbs, per square inch, 


Future develoyvment. Inasmuch as the Queen sand pool has 
already been fairly well defined, future Grilling in that area will 
be largely confined to inside drilling. Doubtless this will be done 
on @ conservative plan and only those wells will be drilled that are 
necessary for the complete recovery of available oil. 


Prospecting for oil in the Queen sand has already extended for 
Miles in every direction from the Tidioute pool and although no 
ouher pools have been found as yet, it is believed that the stimulus 
offered by the possibility of opeming wp another :00l similar to the 
one recently discovered, will be sufficient to cause operators to 
continue the search for some time to come. Many of the old shallow 
pool districts in the region around Tidioute have never been 
thoroughly prospected for the deeper sands and it is quite possible 
that more than one pool, comparable to the Tidioute pool, will be 
opened up in the next few years, 


